Women in Shakespeare free essay sample

The women presented in Shakespeare’s play Macbeth have challenged the cultural values and assumptions of the role, rights and power of women during the Elizabethan period. The typical role of Elizabethan women of looking after the household and handling the kids is contradicted; the rights of Elizabethan women are defied; and the power of Elizabethan women in the household and the society is taken to new extents. The role, rights and power of Elizabethan women is confronted upon with the use of the female characters in the play Macbeth as well as the various language techniques used throughout the play. Shakespeare has used the female characters in the play Macbeth to challenge the role Elizabethan women play in society. Women during the Elizabethan era were required to look after the household, the kids, simply be feminine and look good. Lady Macbeth is an important character who most strongly challenges this typical role. We will write a custom essay sample on Women in Shakespeare or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page She does much more than look after the household; she presents herself more as a man than a female saying, â€Å"unsex me here†. Here she portrays the desire to be more than just the ‘woman’ in the house by removing here feminine qualities. This is also evident in the quote She further challenges the typical role by showing disregard for her children if she had any, â€Å"would, while it was smiling in my face, Have pluckd my nipple from the boneless gums, And dashd the brains out, had i so sworn†. This quote shows the extremes to which Lady Macbeth can go and even take life out of her child. The imagery portrayed by the quote makes it seem bloody and extremely unfeminine. A typical Elizabethan woman doesn’t behave so. These scenes also portray her lack of the ‘innocence’ that women are meant to have. Another character that shows defiance against this role is Lady Macduff. The typical role of Elizabethan women is to be accepting of everything their male relatives do and never speak ill of them. However Lady Macduff, when Macduff abandons them, speaks out and calls him a traitor. â€Å"His flight was madness† this quote shows Lady Macduff calling her husband’s actions madness. Here she shows defiance against the weak image women portray and showed ability to support her and her son alone. The witches also challenge the feminine nature by appearing manly and harboring beards. Thus by the use of language and the female characters Shakespeare has successfully challenged the role of Elizabethan women. The rights of Elizabethan women are defied against in Macbeth and taken to a new level. A typical woman couldn’t speak out in household matters; she could not raise her voice against her husband and had no right to do as she pleased. Lady Macbeth is a prime example of such defiance. She plans the murder of Duncan and orders her husband to kill him. Her strength is seen in the quote, â€Å"Your hand, your tongue: look like the innocent flower, But be the serpent undert. He thats coming must be provided for: and you shall put this nights great business into my dispatch†. This quote shows how easily Lady Macbeth can order her husband. Her control is further seen when she says â€Å"Leave all the rest to me. † this gives the feeling that the entire household relies upon Lady Macbeth and not Macbeth. This is completely opposite of what rights women had. Lady Macbeth defies those rights and portrays a strong and powerful woman that has control. Another most common right was marriage. It was the one thing that Elizabethan women were granted without question. However, the Witches and their queen remain as single women throughout their lives. This defies against the one right that all women have and shows their out of placement with the rest of society. Shakespeare has effectively used the women in Macbeth to portray the defiance to and changing the typical feminine rights of Elizabethan women. Women in Shakespeare’s Macbeth are presented with immense power that impacts the plot, and characters of the play. Lady Macbeth and the Witches are the two main sources of leading Macbeth astray. The witches provided Macbeth with the prophecy sparked an idea, and Lady Macbeth simply set on a fire using that spark. Lady Macbeth urged Macbeth to kill and be kind himself. Without the Witches’ prophecy the play would have continued on normally with no problem, but the prophecy has caused the main character to become an evil man. The witches equivocate to Macbeths doing and undoing. Hecate, being similar to a queen of the Witches is seen as an even powerful female in the play, who has the capability of scolding the Witches themselves. Her power is seen via the lines â€Å"Have I not reason, beldams as you are? Saucy and overbold, how did you dare To trade and traffic with Macbeth†¦ And I, the mistress of your charms, The close contriver of all harms, Was never called to bear my part, Or show the glory of our art? these lines show that without Hecate’s presence, the true magic cannot be witnessed and she makes it all complete. The queen and her uncanny followers remain objects of supernatural awe and fear. The Witches appear as old, wizened women growing beards; they stoke up the seed of evil ambition in Macbeth, just as Lady Macbeth keeps the ambition growing in her husbands mind. The witches possess an ambiguous sexuality, and their dubious nature is always suspect. With the use of powerful characters such as Lady Macbeth, the Witches and Hecate, Shakespeare has challenged the not so powerful females of the Elizabethan era. The role, rights and power of Elizabethan women is confronted upon with the use of the female characters in the play Macbeth as well as the various language techniques used throughout the play. Shakespeare’s play Macbeth incorporates women such as Lady Macbeth, Lady Macduff, the Witches and Hecate which are effectively used to challenge the typical attributes of Elizabethan women. The many language devices and characters have created a play, Macbeth that has challenged the cultural values and assumptions of the role, rights and power of women during the Elizabethan period.

search seizure essays

search seizure essays SEARCH Should warrantless searches be allowed? Is it fair for a person to be pulled over for running a stop sign and have their automobile searched? The answer to these proposed questions are being decided by the Supreme Court. Under the Fourth Amendment of the Constitution, individuals are protected from unreasonable searches and seizures. Currently, there are many cases in front of the Supreme Court regarding search and seizure. This paper will look at the pros and cons of warrantless searches including two cases in favor of and two cases against the issue in question. Although for the most part warrantless searches arent allowed there are a few instances where they are permissible. One example of where a warrant is not necessary is when the officer is in hot pursuit (Mann 131). This means that if an officer is chasing an individual on foot or by car, he does not need a warrant to search the individual. If the individual of whom the search is directed toward consents, a warrant is not necessary (131). If an emergency should arise, an officer does not need a warrant (131). If a lawful arrest has taken place, the officer does not need a warrant (131). Another way an officer does not need a warrant is if evidence of a crime is in plain view to the officer (131). Finally, if a delay would present a significant obstacle in the investigation, the officer does not need a warrant (131). Officers should not have the right to search cars or houses without a search warrant because it violates the Constitution (Rosen 17). Over the years, the Supreme Court has looked at warrantless searches regarding houses or buildings differently than warrantless searches in an automobile or airplane (17). Warrants are almost always needed to search a house or apartment because of the extreme amount of privacy these places have (17). An automobile, for example,...

Scientific Hypothesis, Theory, Law Definitions

Scientific Hypothesis, Theory, Law Definitions Words have precise meanings in science. For example, theory, law, and hypothesis dont all mean the same thing. Outside of science, you might say something is just a theory, meaning its a supposition that may or may not be true. In science, however, a theory is an explanation that generally is accepted to be true. Heres a closer look at these important, commonly misused terms. Hypothesis A hypothesis is an educated guess, based on observation. Its a prediction of cause and effect. Usually, a hypothesis can be supported or refuted through experimentation or more observation. A hypothesis can be disproven but not proven to be true. Example: If you see no difference in the cleaning ability of various laundry detergents, you might hypothesize that cleaning effectiveness is not affected by which detergent you use. This hypothesis can be disproven if you observe a stain is removed by one detergent and not another. On the other hand, you cannot prove the hypothesis. Even if you never see a difference in the cleanliness of your clothes after trying a thousand detergents, there might be one more you havent tried that could be different. Model Scientists often construct models to help explain complex concepts. These can be physical models, like a model volcano or atom  or conceptual models, like predictive weather algorithms. A model doesnt contain all the details of the real deal but should include observations known to be valid. Example: The  Bohr model shows electrons orbiting the atomic nucleus, much the same way as the way planets revolve around the sun. In reality, the movement of electrons is complicated but the model makes it clear that protons and neutrons form a nucleus and electrons tend to move around outside the nucleus. Theory A scientific theory summarizes a hypothesis or group of hypotheses that have been supported with repeated testing. A theory is valid as long as there is no evidence to dispute it. Therefore, theories can be disproven. Basically, if evidence accumulates to support a hypothesis, then the hypothesis can become accepted as a good explanation of a phenomenon. One definition of a theory is to say that its an accepted hypothesis. Example: It is known that on June 30, 1908, in Tunguska, Siberia, there was an explosion equivalent to the detonation of about 15 million tons of TNT. Many hypotheses have been proposed for what caused the explosion. It was theorized that the explosion was caused by a natural extraterrestrial phenomenon, and was not caused by man. Is this theory a fact? No. The event is a recorded fact. Is this theory, generally accepted to be true, based on evidence to-date? Yes. Can this theory be shown to be false and be discarded? Yes. Law A scientific law generalizes a body of observations. At the time its made, no exceptions have been found to a law. Scientific laws explain things but they do not describe them. One way to tell a law and a theory apart is to ask if the description gives you the means to explain why. The word law is used less and less in science, as many laws are only true under limited circumstances. Example: Consider Newtons Law of Gravity. Newton could use this law to predict the behavior of a dropped object but he couldnt explain why it happened. As you can see, there is no proof or absolute truth in science. The closest we get are facts, which are indisputable observations. Note, however, if you define proof as arriving at a logical conclusion, based on the evidence, then there is proof in science. Some work under the definition that to prove something implies it can never be wrong, which is different. If youre asked to define the terms hypothesis, theory, and law, keep in mind the definitions of proof and of these words can vary slightly depending on the scientific discipline. Whats important is to realize they dont all mean the same thing and cannot be used interchangeably.

Differentiate between social obligation, social responsiveness and Essay

Differentiate between social obligation, social responsiveness and social responsibility and use case study material from the Maldives to illustrate these differences - Essay Example Moreover, the nation generates up to 60% of its tourists revenue from foreign exchange earnings (Gautam, 2008; WTTC, 2002). The World Bank of report (2014), clarifies that Maldives is mainly predominant of tourism products such as floating beds thereby, offering direct employment both directly and indirectly to the tourism industry in the world. By creating job opportunities to the youths who works in hotels and other tourism sectors, the nation improves its economic growth. In essence, in the past one decade, tourism related occupations sustainably helped Maldivian gross domestic product to shoot up to 265 percent. However, the availability of jobs to Maldivian citizens comes with a challenge. Because most of the employment opportunities are concentrated around resort regions, therefore, majority are forced to travel from upcountry to urban centers and such a migration pattern cause strain to urban settlements that already has an influx in population resulting into tension to the economy around town centers. Maldives is not only famous for its natural beauty of green ocean, and sandy beaches, the nation’s employment opportunities in hotels focuses extremely on tourism workforce who are represented by tourism workforce association (Ellis, 2008; Sharpley, 2002). The workforce recommends that the majority of employees earn very little amount of money while living in very poor conditions susceptible to much less production than what is required by nation per capita. In addition, employment opportunity within the tourism industry alone is not enough to sustain the national grid while the country also lacks other alternative mineral resources. Such a result has made poverty levels to remain quite high throughout the nation (Secretariat, 2010). Maldives fishing sector employs almost 25% of the total national workforce. Through the same industry, employees do get deployed into sectors such as packaging, preparation

The Lewis And Clark Expedition Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Lewis And Clark Expedition - Term Paper Example The task for President Jefferson was now to get familiarized with the territory itself, especially the western front. To accomplish this task, President Jefferson chose his personal secretary Meriwether Lewis who was not only a reliable and intelligent man, but also possessed skills of a frontiersman. Meriwether Lewisin in turn selected one of his most reliable friends and an exceptional frontiersman and draftsman, William Clark, and made him the co-commanding captain of the expedition. The trust that Lewis had in Clark’s abilities was remarkable given the fact that Clark was not highly ranked by the government itself for such expeditions1. There were two reasons why President Jefferson wanted this expedition to take place. The first obvious reason was that he wanted to discover the actual territory itself so that the boundaries could be established. The second reason was that he wanted Lewis to discover the water link between the Missouri and Columbia rivers. This water netwo rk would link the Pacific Ocean with the Mississippi system of rivers which in turn would open new access routes for trade and commerce. EXPEDITION The expedition officially started from the summer of 1804 from Camp Wood in St. Louis. Until then, the members were developing the strategies for the expedition. That summertime and during the fall the group of voyagers propelled and dragged themselves towards the north and more precisely, to the northwest on the Missouri River. The post which they reached before the advent of winter was the Fort Mandan post, a trading post, where they set up their camps and waited till the winter had passed away. During this time they prepared for the journey ahead. When the winter had finally passed and as spring of 1805 was approaching, the journey began once again. They moved on further up towards the Missouri to Montana, to what is presently called Three-Forks. The path which they chose was the boundary of the western front along the Jefferson River . This helped to serve the purpose of discovering the new terrain. The new route brought the explorers to the threshold of Shoshone Indians who were very well acquainted with the terrain and specialized in crossing the mountains with their horses. The significant people whom they met were a French fur trader and his Shoshone Indian wife named Sacagawea which means ‘bird woman’. Both these people agreed to guide them through and Sacagawea was especially helpful in establishing contact with the Indians through acting as a translator. At first, the Indians were frightened to see the explorers, but because of Sacagawea, the connection was made rather easily and the Indians agreed to help them. The Indians provided them with supplies and other essential stuff. The other benefit of Sacagawea was that because she was a woman it signified the fact that the explorers were not there for war. Generally, women were not taken alongside in the situation of war. Thus, the presence of Sacagawea meant that the explorers did not mean war. With the help of the Indians, the explorers made their way up to the Bitterroot Mountains. Without the horses it would have been difficult to pass through the mountains. There, the difficulty they had to face was that they had to now travel downriver from the Bitterroot

Rule of Law Across the World

Rule of Law Across the World Rule of law, in general, states that no one is above the law. Even if you are the highest ranking official in your country or you are at the bottom echelon of individuals the law will always be equal to all. (LexisNexis, 2014) New Zealand and Canada both incorporate the rule of law in their respective government which is good because it is important that the people, whether rich or poor, can gain equal rights to laws especially in health care since health is the most important aspect in our lives that should be taken care of. According to University of California San Francisco Global Health Sciences (2014), in the past decade, there has been an increased interest in public-private partnership relating to healthcare across the world. This is of good news to the public since this kind of partnership has a long-term effect between a nation’s government and a private sector which helps aid in the welfare of the public and for this be incorporated in the health sector is very helpful. Health is the most important thing to be taken care of and for the government to make a move like this would benefit not only the rich but also those who cannot afford healthcare. On one hand, according to Barrows, MacDonald, Supapol, Dalton-Jez, Harvey-Rioux (2012) who conducted a case study on public-private partnership in Canadian health care, Canada’s healthcare system is primarily a public programme but there are also aspects of care that are delivered privately. This system of theirs has become a problem and a burden at the same time for the government to handle since provincial budgets are at a high in terms of healthcare demands. This prompted the country to adapt the public-private partnership method so as to be able to meet the healthcare demands and to be able to continue their primary goal of the healthcare system which is of the public. On the other hand, New Zealand does not present any public-private partnership with regards to their healthcare system but according to the Medical Council of New Zealand (2011), it has both a public and private working healthcare system which offers high quality of care. The public system is free to all New Zealanders and individuals who are on a work permit visa that is valid for two or more years while the private system offers access to all private facilities for treatment of immediate and non-immediate health conditions. The public system is government funded and works as a community-based model while the private system offers specialist services and primary care at private hospitals. One thing that pans out in New Zealand’s healthcare system is the health insurance they provide. Even though you are not a citizen of the country and you are only here for a vacation or perhaps study purposes, the individual can still be or will be covered by the government’s personal injury scheme insurance known as ACC. The New Zealand judiciary system in itself is independent and has integrity, as stated by the Ministry of Justice, the judiciary’s independence is an important principle to the country’s constitution which leads to freedom from political interference and that members of the House of Representatives cannot criticise a judge. More or less Canada’s judiciary system shows similarities with that of New Zealand’s since it is also independent and shows integrity, as per Forsey (2012), the systems’ independence goes a hundred years back. A judge who makes a decision that the government does not agree with cannot touch him or her. Judiciary independence in Canada is important because the Supreme Court interprets the Constitution and defines the limits of the federal and provincial powers. A system being independent and shows integrity can mean a lot to a country because it entails fairness to all. There will be no abuse and bias in the law and in my educated opinion, this system works well in a healthcare standpoint. With regards to health and security, New Zealand health security to the people is presented in the form of the Social Security Act of 1964 which provides a wide range of medical benefits whether you are an individual who can afford healthcare or not. This act provides a right to free treatment and relief. (McLintock, 2009) In Canada, they have this program called Health Canada which was established to help improve each Canadians health. This program is also an administrator of the Canada Health Act. This program also collaborates with the Privacy Act that gives a person the right to access information about themselves with limited exceptions. This protects an individual’s privacy with regards to health. (Health Canada, 2011) Human rights observed both in New Zealand and Canada are more or less having the same thought. Both countries are giving all their respective citizens equal rights and compensation regardless of race, gender, age, sexual orientation, marital status, family status, and disability. (Justice Laws Website, 2014) In this case discrimination is unlawful and unacceptable. (Human Rights Commission, 2008-2014) Although New Zealand is more diverse than Canada it is still evident that the top priority of both countries is equality. It is important in healthcare that human rights are observed because regardless of where we are from or who we are, we are all human beings. Every nation needs financial assistance or funding, especially in health care, to take care of their people. New Zealand and Canada presents a health care system that takes care of their people by means of health programs that benefit them without getting a single penny from their pockets. Allocated budget for a country depends on the population and the government’s involvement. In 2012/2013 financial year, New Zealand has a $14.65 million allocated budget for health but they the core Crown health spending for the financial year is around $14.5 million. There is also a forecast that the health spending will reach $14.95 million during the 2013/2014 financial year. (The Treasury, 2013) According to Scoop (2013), independent news, the 2013 health budget in New Zealand received the largest increase making available $1.6 billion for health over four years which has an average of $352 million of funds per year. C. COMPETITION Meanwhile, Chai of Global News (2013) reported that Canada will acquire a bill of $211 billion by the end of 2013 on health care alone. The Canadian Institute for Health Information broke down the amount to around $5,988 per individual in health care costs. The amount is not staggering compared to the past decade since for the year 2013 it is only a 2.6 per cent increase in health care spending while the past decade recorded a seven per cent increase per year in health care expense. Although health expense has been increasing in Canada every year, it has toned down a bit for the year 2013 as to the previous years. To furthermore break down on where the amount was spent, 30 per cent was spent on hospitals, 16 per cent was spent on medications and 15 per cent was spent on physicians. Majority, around 70 per cent, of health care spending in Canada is covered by the provincial government. A report by May (2014) from the National Post stated that the public servants’ benefits, to mention sick leaves, will be cut off in order to save billions for the 2014 budget. VI. REFERENCE LIST/BIBLIOGRAPHY Barrows, MacDonald, et al. (2012), â€Å"Public-private partnerships in Canadian health care: A case study of the Brampton Civic Hospital†, OECD Journal on Budgeting, Vol. 12/1, p. 3. Retrieved from http://www.oecd.org/gov/budgeting/PPP%20Canadian%20healthcare.pdf Chai, C. (29/10/2013). Global News; By the numbers: How much did Canada spend on health care in 2013? Retrieved from http://globalnews.ca/news/932105/by-the-numbers-how-much-did-canada-spend-on-health-care-in-2013/ Forsey, E. (2012). Parliament of Canada: How Canadians Govern Themselves Chapter 5 (5.2). Retrieved from http://www.parl.gc.ca/about/parliament/senatoreugeneforsey/book/chapter_5-e.html Health Canada. (2011). Health Canada Privacy Act Annual Report 2010-2011. Retrieved from http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/ahc-asc/pubs/_atip-aiprp/2011priv-prot/index-eng.php Human Rights Commission. (2008-2014). Human Rights Act. Retrieved from http://www.hrc.co.nz/human-rights-environment/human-rights-legislation/human-rights-act/ Justice Laws Website. (28/03/2014). Canadian Human Rights Act. Retrieved from http://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/h-6/page-1.html#h-1 LexisNexis. (2014). Rule of Law. Retrieved from http://www.lexisnexis.ca/en-ca/about-us/rule-of-law.page May, C. (11/02/2014). National Post: Canada budget 2014 looks to slash public servant’s benefits in effort to save billions. Retrieved from http://news.nationalpost.com/2014/02/11/canada-budget-2014-looks-to-slash-public-servants-benefits-in-effort-to-save-billions/ McLintock, A. (updated 22/04/2009). The Encyclopedia of New Zealand: Health Benefits. Originally published in 1966. Retrieved from http://www.teara.govt.nz/en/1966/social-security/page-6 Medical Council of New Zealand. (2011). Public and Private Health Systems. Retrieved from https://www.mcnz.org.nz/alpinfo/public-and-private-health-systems Ministry of Justice. The New Zealand Legal System. Retrieved from http://www.justice.govt.nz/publications/global-publications/t/the-new-zealand-legal-system Scoop Independent News. (16/05/2013). Health receives the largest Budget increase. Retrieved from http://www.scoop.co.nz/stories/PA1305/S00296/health-receives-the-largest-budget-increase.htm The Treasury. (07/10/2013). Health: Funding. Retrieved from http://www.treasury.govt.nz/government/expenditure/health University of California, San Francisco, Global Health Sciences. (2014). The Global Health Groups: Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs). Retrieved from http://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/global-health-group/private-sector-healthcare-initiative-pshi/research/public-private-partnerships

When Consultants and Clients Clash

When consultants and client clash: Problem Essay Statlers have failed to get their clients to acknowledge the differences in thinking about the merger. The rationale behind every merger is that the sum is greater than the parts. Typically, clients identify synergies for the merger and from then on consultants suggest the decisions necessary for attaining them. The synergy cited in this case, economies of scale, is only possible if the two firms worked together as a single unit.Susan Barlow ¶s lack of experience in conducting with clients and failure to understand the need for merger coupled with Kellogg ¶s ineptness in handling sticky situations has led to the current state. Susan, in her initial briefing with Mr. Kellogg, started off on a wrong note. First, she patronized the entrepreneur-turned-CEO, accepted his list of interviewees and even agreed to his deadlines. If she was any experienced, she would have been more pro-active, played the role of a devil ¶s advocate to expl ore other views about merger and understand its need.More importantly, as John Rau suggests, she would have done independent fact finding which would give her an idea about who to talk to. Another important task she missed out was talking to Mr. Carpenter and exploring his views about the merger. If she had any knowledge about mergers she would have replied to Mr. Kellogg ¶s remarks on mergers and explained to him that acquisitions have far higher success rates than  µmergers of equals ¶. All these point to her lack of expertise in mergers and inexperience with conducting with clients. Royce Kellogg acknowledges how he always relied on Mort Meyer to deal with people problems.Further, his naive view of the merger, which is so far only an agreement between two heads, reinforces his skewed understanding of the problem. In response to numerous calls from employees, who had already been given heads-up, Kellogg was quick in drawing conclusion that consultants are stirring up trouble rather than understand the underlying causes. Mr. Kellogg ¶s belief that derivatives are harder than the assignment Susan is currently dealing with shows how little interest he has in organizational issues and understanding their importance.With only Mort ¶s death triggering the merger, it was pretty thin to start with. For two firms with almost equal share operating on similar lines of business, the only value that could be derived out of merger is to cut the costs through staff reductions and higher scale of operations. To realize this, one of the firms needed to be an underdog and everybody, including the consultants missed this entirely. Kellogg spoke about mergers of equals without realizing how dangerous it was. This evidence strongly suggests the desperate need for mergers and acquisitions expert.Hence, any corrective measure should start with bringing in an expert on mergers into the team. Statler should start with a fresh slate by bringing in a new team to work on the project and let go of the costs for the initial two weeks. This will also greatly alleviate Kellogg ¶s anger and frustration with the consultants. The new policies that should govern the Kellogg Champion should be centered on cutting costs and achieving a merit-based organization structure rather than keeping a set of policies and disregarding the other.